Wali Ahmed Wali (Wali Dakkani)

Wali Mohammed Wali (also known as Wali Deccani) was born in 1667 in Aurangabad, Maharashtra. He loved travelling, which he regarded as a means of education. His visit to Delhi in 1700 is considered to be of great significance for Urdu Gazals. His simple, sensuous and melodious poems in Urdu, awakened the Persian loving poets of Delhi to the beauty and capability of “Rekhta” (the old name for Urdu) as a medium of poetic expression. His visit thus stimulated the growth and development of Urdu Gazal in Delhi.

However, Wali was not immune or ignorant of the vigour and verve of Persian diction and imagery, and combined both into the body of his verse. He thus became the architect of the modern poetic language, which is a skilful blend of Persian and Urdu vocabulary.

Though Wali wrote in different types of verse forms – masnavi, qasida, etc., he specialized in ghazals. He wrote a total of 473 Gazals, comprising of 3225 couplets (ashaar). He was also the first poet to start expressing love from a man’s point of view as against the prevailing convention of impersonating as a woman.

Wali died in Ahmedabad in 1707, and is buried there.

Muhammad Hussain Azad

Muhammad Husain Azad (1830-1910)was an Urdu writer, who is regarded as the best Urdu prose writer. He wrote prose as well as poetry but he is mostly remembered for his prose. He contribution and impact is immense to Urdu literature and prose in particular.

He is famous for his masterpiece Aab-e-Hayat (meaning elixir of life). It is regarded as the most often printed and most widely read book of Urdu because of its numerous qualities, which makes it a constant companion or a book of reference for an ardent Urdu lover.

He was born in Delhi in a highly educated Persian immigrant family. His mother died when he was four years old. His father was Maulvi Muhammad Baqir (c.1810-1857), was a man of versatile talents, and was educated at the newly founded Delhi College. Besides his many other activities he worked in the British administration. In early 1837 Maulvi Muhammad Baqir bought a press and launched the Dihli Urdu Akhbaar (Delhi Urdu Newspaper), which was probably the first Urdu newspaper in north India. Maulvi Muhammad Baqir was executed for siding with Mughals and joining the rebellion in 1857.

Muhammad Husain Azad was the only son of Maulvi Baqir and was married to Aghai Begum daughter of another Persian immigrant family. Following his father's death and a period of turmoil in Delhi, Azad migrated to Lahore in 1861. After struggling for years he gradually settled down in Lahore and started teaching at newly founded (1964) Government College, Lahore,and later at Oriental College, Lahore, found under the auspices of Anjuman-e-Punjab (Punjab Society).

In Lahore he came in contat of Dr. G. W. Leitner who was the Principal and founder of Anjuman-e-Punjab. Anjuman-ePunjab's mission was solely cultural and academic, Anjuman arranged public lectures, set up a free library and reading room, compiled educational texts and translations in Indian languages, and established Lahore's famous Oriental College. The Anjuman was actively supported by leading British officials of the time and was considered a grat success. In 1866 Azad became a regularly paid lecturer on behalf of the Anjuman; in 1867 he became its secretary.In 1887 he managed to set up the 'Azad Library', which earned him praise and earned the title of 'Shams ul-ulamā' (Sun among the Learned). After undergoing great personal, health and mental loses, Azad died in Lahore in 1910, at the age of eighty.

Around 1845 he was enrolled at Delhi College in Urdu-medium 'Oriental' section, which offered Arabic and Persian rather than English. He keenly pursued his studies for about eight years before graduating in 1854.


Works:

*Qisas ul-hind (Stories of India)-1869
*Nairang-e Khiyāl (The Wonder-World of Thought)-1880-worked on a volume
of thirteen allegorical essays, mostly by Samuel Johnson and Joseph *Addison, that he transcreated into Urdu.
*Āb-e Hayāt (Water of Life/Elixir)-1880-Book about the life of Urdu pooets
and linguistic development of Urdu.
*Sukhandān-e fārs (On Iranian Poets)- completed in [[1887], published in
1907
*Darbār-e akbarī (The Court of Akbar)-1898

Naseem Hijazi

Sharīf Husain more commonly by his pseudonym Nasīm Hijāzī commonly transliterated as Naseem Hijazi, or Nasim Hijazi) (c. 1914- March 1996) was an Urdu writer who is well-known for his novels dealing with Islamic history. He was born in Pre-Partition India in an Arain family and migrated to Pakistan after independence from the British Rule and subsequent partition of India in 1947. He lived most of his life in Pakistan and died in March 1996.

As a novel writer, Naseem Hijazi is regarded as one of the finest writers of Urdu language especially in the later 20th Century. Among his popular contemporaries were Ibn-e-Safi, Saadat Hasan Manto, and Shafiq-ur-Rehman, all having their particular line of literature.

Naseem Hijazi is known for his potent and romantic description of history. There are only two writers prior to Hijazi who wrote history novels in Urdu: Abdul Haleem Sharar and Sadiq Sardhunwi, but Hijazi's writing is most credible in terms of historic description and accuracy. He exercised extra care to back his study of history by thorough research and to cite his sources whenever possible. Hijazi creates his powerful expression by blending this study of history with fairytale romanticism. The story usually revolves around characters who were related to, and shown present at the actual historical event that he wishes to focus on.

It would be worthwhile to compare Naseem Hijazi to Walter Scott in terms of reviving romanticism of the past while describing long gone history. While Walter Scott is much criticized for his controversial work and lack of historical references, Naseem Hijazi can be credited for his relatively thorough knowledge of history that is surrounded with fictitious characters to create fiction. Thus, his works are considered historical fiction, are marketed as works of fiction, and do not hold any historical bearing except for being based on a few historical facts that have been intensely romanticized.

For example, he carefully avoids legendary tales that have no evidence in history such as the story of romance between 8th century general Muhammad ibn Qasim and the wife of Raja Dahir, the ruler of Sindh.

Naseem Hijazi's bases most of his work in Islamic history. In dealing with this history, he shows both the rise and fall of the Islamic Empire. His novels Muhammad Bin Qasim, Aakhri Ma'raka, Qaisar-o Kisra and Qafla-i Hijaz describe the era of Islam's rise to political, militaristic, economic, and educational power. While Yusuf Bin Tashfain, Shaheen[1], Kaleesa aur Aag, and Andheri Raat ke Musafir describe the period of Spanish Reconquista. In one of these novels (Kaleesa Aur Aag) he has painfully, yet truthfully, depicted the infamous Inquisition that began by targeting Jews and ended with the conversion or expulsion of Moriscos or Muslims.

In Akhri Chataan, he describes the Central Asian conquests of Genghis Khan and his destruction of the Khwarizm Sultanate. The novel shows the brutal conquests of the Mongols, the military geniuses of Genghis Khan, the undying will power of Sultan Jalal ud-Din Khwarizm Shah, and the unworthy condition of the Abbassid Caliphate of Baghdad.

He wrote two sequential novels on British conquest of India, and described the shortcomings of Indian nations after the collapse of Mughal Empire. The story, Mu'azzam Ali, starts a little before the Battle of Plassey. The lead character, Muazzam Ali joins the fight against the British with the army of Siraj ud-Daula. The story goes around as the character moves from one place in India to another in search of the lost glory and freedom. He takes part in the third battle of Panipat and finally settles in Srirangapattana that was growing in power under the towering personality of Haider Ali. The book ends almost around the death of Haider Ali. The second book, Aur Talwar Toot Gayee (And the Sword is Broken) is more about Haider's son Sultan Tipu where the same character is finding his dreams being fulfilled in Tipu's valiant endeavors against the British East India Company. The book culminates in the sad and untimely martyrdom of Sultan Tipu.

He also wrote a novel on the Independence of Pakistan named Khaak aur Khoon. Many believed that the novel was his own story.

This writer seems to have been inspired a lot by Allama Muhammad Iqbal's poetry. He tries, not very unlike Iqbal, to remind his readers of the lost glory of the Muslims and in a way inspire them to work with commitment to achieve lost glory in all walks of life. He portrays Islamic tolerance, the will to fight for the protection of the weak, and the love for arts and knowledge. His readers believe that he has best illustrated Allama Muhammad Iqbal's Islamic philosophical ideal of "khudi" in Urdu prose, where in a way he has justifiably imparted the message that is presented in Iqbal's "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam".

Naseem Hijazi has immensely influenced his readers both in and out of Pakistan. He has been one of the key sources of Islamist ideologies in Pakistan and worked as a key ideology and valour builder during the Soviet-Afghan War. Many Pakistani educated youngsters throughout 1950s till today are believed to have been emotionally and ideologically inspired by his writings. He enjoys a very large reader base even after his death.

Three of Naseem Hijazi's novels have been dramatized. Akhri Chataan and Shaheen were dramatized in 1980s and were televised on Pakistan Television Corporation (PTV) as independent drama serials. Akhri Chataan is considered to be the greatest historic attempt ever made by PTV. The theme songs composed for the serial and the character play of Sultan Jalal ud-Din by Salim Nasir earned high acclaim.

The Novel Khaak aur Khoon was dramatized into a movie with the same name and is one of few block buster movies that Lollywood or Lahore film industry has ever produced.

It is argued that many of his novels, if provided with the production facilities of Hollywood, will produce movies equal in grandeur to Ben-Hur, Braveheart and The Patriot. But due to the lack of required attention, a great work of literary art is untouched by the filming icons.


===Novels/Books by Naseem Hijazi===

*Khaak aur Khoon (Dirt and Blood) (fiction)
*Yousuf bin Tashfin (fiction)
*Akhari Chattan (Volume-1) Online (The Last Rock) (fiction)
*Akhari Chattan (Volume-2) Online (The Last Rock) (fiction)
*Aakhari Marka (The Last Battle) (fiction)
*Andheri Raat Ke Musafir (Travelers of the Dark Night) (fiction)
*Aur Talwar Toot Gai (And the Sword was Broken) (fiction)
*Daastaan-e-Mujahid (Online) (Tale of the Fighter) (fiction)
*Gumshuda Qaafley (The Lost Caravans) (fiction)
*Insaan Aur Devta (The Human and the Deity) (fiction)
*Kaleesa Aur Aag (Church and Fire) (fiction)
*Moazzam Ali (Volume-1) Online (fiction)
*Moazzam Ali (Volume-2) Online (fiction)
*Muhammad Bin Qasim (fiction)
*Pakistan Se Diyare Haram Tak (travelogue)
*Pardesi Darakht (The Alien Tree) (fiction)
*Pouras Ke Hathi (Poras's Elephants) (comedy)
*Qafla-e-Hijaz (The Caravan of Hijaz) (fiction)
*Qaisar-o-Kisra (Caesar and Kisra) (fiction)
*Saqafat Ki Talaash (In Search of Culture) (comedy)
*Shaheen(Volume-1) Online (The Eagle) (fiction)
*Shaheen(Volume-2) Online (The Eagle) (fiction)
*So Saal Baad (After 100 Years) (comedy)
*Sufaid Jazeera (The White Island) (comedy)

Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi

Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi or Mushtaq Ahmed Yusufi D.Litt (HC), is an outstanding Urdu satirical and humor writer from Pakistan regarded by many as best Urdu Humorist. Yousufi has also served as the head of several national and international governmental and financial institutions. He received Sitara-e-Imtiaz and Hilal-i-Imtiaz, the highest literary honors by Government of Pakistan in 1999.

Yousufi was born in a learned family of Tonk, Rajasthan on August 4, 1923. His father Abdul Karim Khan Yousufi was chairman of the Jaipur Municipality, and later Speaker of the Jaipur Legislative Assembly. Yousufi completed his early education in Rajputana and earned B.A. from Agra University while M.A. Philosophy and LL.B from Aligarh University. After partition of India his family migrated to Karachi, Pakistan.

Married Idrees Fatima - an Urdu teacher and daughter of Manzoor Ahmed Khan, former District and Session Judge of India. Has two sons and two daughters; Arshad, Sarosh, Rukhsana and Seema.

Joined Muslim Commercial Bank in 1950, became Deputy General Manager. Joined Allied Bank Ltd in 1965 as Managing Director. In 1974 he became President of United Bank Ltd. In 1977 became Chairman of the Pakistan Banking Council. Awarded Quaid-i-Azam Memorial Medal for distinguished services in banking.

=== Literary work===

*Chiragh talay (1961)
*Khakam-ba-dahan (1969)
*Yousufi Sahib's second book was Khakam ba dahan (Dust in my mouth) which was published in 1969 and dedicated to his
wife, Idrees Fatema. So far 14 editions of this book have been printed. It has eight articles, in addition to a foreword
written by the author.
*Zarguzasht (1976)
*Yousufi's third book was Zarguzasht which was published in 1976. It has 11 articles in addition to the foreword, 'Tuzk-i-
Yousufi'.
*Aab-i-gum (1990)
*His fourth book, Aab-i-gum, was published in 1990. Dedicated to his children, Arshad, Sarosh, Rukhsana and Seema, it
runs into 404 pages and has five articles, in addition to the foreword.

First two won Adamjee Prize, while last one got the Hijra Award as well as Pakistan Academy of Letters Award for best book, 1990. Awarded Sitara-i-Imtiaz and Hilal-i-Imtiaz.


A few lines from his book: "...No sooner had I received the salary, I bought grocery and other items for the household so that the dog I had brought home could guard these items. For us parents I pointed out the advantage of having a dog by submitting that after all it was an Englishman's dog... even an illiterate person in our country gives an English name to his dog and always calls him or reprimands him in English, therefore, it was obvious that because of this dog our children would learn English!"

"...it's better to write one's own foreword (meaning foreword on one's own book) for then, others are saved from telling lies... there is another advantage: the foreword writer picks up the pen after reading the book!"

Penning his own sketchy sketch Yousufi informs us about his date of birth: "I have reached the stage in life when in case someone wants to know my date of birth, I confuse him by providing him my telephone number!"

About his likes and dislikes: "I like Ghalib, Hawkes Bay and okra (bhindi). I like the smell of newly printed currency notes. For a pet I like dogs. The first dog I had was for chowkidari. It was stolen! Now I have a dog for a different reason. That is, dog is man's best friend! Mussalmans have a logic behind their dislike for dogs... they do not like animals which they cannot eat!... I love music, therefore, I don't listen to the radio... I don't like emotional men and unemotional women..."

"Okay, if you insist, let me tell you that I was born on August 4, 1923 and it was a premature birth! My ancestors were Yusufzai Pathans settled in Jaipur. When my father visited Peshawar and introduced himself as a Pathan Yusufzai, everyone laughed. He returned to Jaipur and stopped calling himself a Yusufzai or a Pathan. However, he gave the family a new name - Yousufi!"

Ibn-e-Insha, himself a great Urdu satirist and humourist, wrote about Yousufi Sahib: "...if ever we could give a name to the literary humour of our time, then the only name that comes to mind is that of Yousufi!" Another scholar, Dr Zaheer Fatehpuri, wrote, "We are living in the 'Yousufi era' of Urdu literary humour..."The Yousufi era started from 1961 when Yousufi Sahib's first book Chiragh talay was published. So far 11 editions of this book have appeared. It has a foreword titled 'Pahla pathhar' written by the author himself plus 12 satirical and humorous articles. In 2008, he is living in Karachi and often appeared in TV programs as well as seminars

Jamiluddin Aali

Nawabzada Mirza Jamiluddin Ahmed Khan (Urdu: مرزا جمیل الدین احمد خان) better known as Jamiluddin Aali (born January 20, 1926 Delhi) is a noted Urdu poet, critic, playwright, essayist, columnist, and scholar of Pakistan. He is best known for his famous national song Jeeway Jeeway.

Aali hails from a literary family of Delhi where he was born on January 20, 1926. His grandfather, Nawab Allauddin Ahmed Khan was a friend and student of Ghalib. His father Sir Ameeruddin Ahmed Khan was also a poet, and his mother Syeda Jamila Baigum belonged to a family of Mir Dard.



Aali complete his early education from Englo Arabic High School, Daryagang in Delhi. He earned a BA and MA in Economics from Delhi University. In September 30, 1944 Jamil is married to Tayaba Bano. They have six children (Four boys and Two girls), His son Raju Jamil, who is a Television actor. In 1947, After the partition of India, his family migrated to Pakistan and settled in Karachi. He joined Civil Services of Pakistan in 1951. In 1971 he obtained an FEL and LLB from Karachi University. In 1967, he joined National Bank, and served there till his retirement (1988) as senior executive vice president and member executive board.

Aali was former member of the Pakistan Peoples Party and also contested the general elections in March 7, 1977 from NA-191, but lost. In 1997, he was elected as member of the Senate for a six year term with support of Muttahida Qaumi Movement.

Literary work

*Aye Mere Dasht-e-Sukhan
*Ghazlain Dohay Geet (Six editions)
*Jeeway Jeeway Pakistan (Five editions)
*La Hasil (Three editions)
*Nai Kiran

Awards

*Hilal-e-Imtiaz (1999)
*Pride of Performance (1989)
*Adamjee Literary Award (1960)
*Dawood Literary Award (1963)
*United Bank Literary Award (1965)
*Habib Bank Literary Award (1965)
*Canadian Urdu Academy Award (1988)
*Sant Kabeer Award - Urdu Conference Delhi (1989)

Ashfaq Ahmad

Ashfaq Ahmed, (Urdu: اشفاق احمد) (August 22, 1925 � September 7, 2004) was a distinguished writer, playwright, broadcaster, intellectual and spiritualist from Pakistan. His prime qualities of heart and hand earned appreciations across the borders. He was regarded by many as the best Urdu Afsana (short-story) writer after Saadat Hasan Manto, Ismat Chughtai and Krishan Chander following the publication of his famous short-story "Gaddarya" [The Shepherd] in 1955.

He was born on 22nd August 1925 in Garh Muktesar village, Ferozepur district, India. He obtained his early education in his native district. Shortly before independence in 1947, he migrated to Pakistan and made the Punjab metropolis, Lahore as his abode. He completed his Masters in Urdu literature from Government College Lahore. Bano Qudsia, his wife and companion in Urdu literary circles who is also one of the best novelists of Urdu, was his classmate at Government College.

Ashfaq Ahmad with His Family.

After Partition, when Ashfaq Ahmed arrived at the Walton refugee camp with millions of other migrants, he used to make announcements on a megaphone around the clock. Later, he got a job in Radio Azad Kashmir, which was established on a truck that used to drive around in various parts of Kashmir. He then got lectureship at Dayal Singh College, Lahore for two years. Whereafter, he went to Rome to join Radio Rome as an Urdu newscaster. He also used to teach Urdu at Rome university. During his stay in Europe, he got diplomas in the Italian and French languages from the University of Rome and University of Grenoble, France. He also got special training diploma in radio broadcasting from New York University.

He started writing stories in his childhood, which were published in Phool [Flower] magazine. After returning to Pakistan from Europe, he took out his own monthly literary magazine, Dastaango [Story Teller], and joined Radio Pakistan as a script writer. He was made editor of the popular Urdu weekly, Lail-o-Nahar [Day and Night], in place of famous poet Sufi Ghulam Mustafa Tabassum by the government.

In 1962, Ashfaq Ahmed started his popular radio program, Talqeen Shah [The Preacher] which made him immensely popular among the people in towns and villages. It was a weekly feature that ran for three decades, the longest weekly radio show in the subcontinent. He was appointed director of the Markazi Urdu Board in 1966, which was later renamed as Urdu Science Board, a post he held for 29 years. He remained with the board until 1979. He also served as adviser in the Education Ministry during Zia-ul-Haq's regime. In the 60s, he produced a feature film, Dhoop aur Saie [Shadows and Sunshine], which was not very successful at the box office.



Ashfaq Ahmed's subtle sense of humour is reflected in his long-running radio programs and characters like "Talqeen Shah", while several TV drama series based on his memorable plays of three decades ago are still enjoyed by the audience. Their appeal lies in the universal truths of life portrayed in human hopes, emotions, aspirations and relationships that touch the soul of people of all age groups. His popular TV plays include Aik Muhabbat Sau Afsanay [Bunch of Love Stories], Uchhay Burj Lahore Dey [Barbicans of Lahore], Tota Kahani [Story of the Parrot] , Lekin [But], Hairat Kadah [Incredibility] and Mun Chalay Ka Sauda [Bargain of the Stubborn]. All through his life, Ashfaq Ahmad endeavored to reform the society through his writings. He had authored over twenty five books including a travelogue, Safar dar Safar [Long Way Journey], with an atypical style. In fact, he gave a new mold to diction and locale situations, many of his fans would fondly remember. He used Punjabi literary words very well in Urdu and introduced a new kind of prose, which was unique to him. For his excellent literary work, he was awarded President's Pride of Performance and Sitara-i-Imtiaz for meritorious services in the field of literature and broadcasting.


Ahsfaq Ahmad During His Illness.

Besides his personality as a great author of impressive and laudable books, Ashfaq Ahmed, in his later period of life, was greatly inclined towards sufism, which was visibly reflected in most of his works. His close association with Qudrat Ullah Shahab and Mumtaz Mufti was also attributed for this tendency. Of-late, he used to appear in a get together with his fans in television's program 'Baittakh' [The Guest Room] and 'Zaviya' [The Dimension] wherein he gave swift but satisfying responses to each and every query, placed before him, explicitly by the youth of each gender, in a mystic style.

Ashfaq Ahmed passed away on 7th September, 2004 at the age of 79, of gallbladder cancer.

Work Of this great urdu Writer:

*Aik hi boli
*Aik Mohabbat 100 Dramey
*Aik Muhabbat So Afsaney
*Aur Dramey
*Band Gali
*Dhandoraa - Talqeen Shah
*Gadaria - Ujlay Phool
*Gulldan
*Hairat Kaadah
*Hasart-e-Tameer
*Jung Ba Jung
*Khail Tamasha
*Khatiya Watiyaa - Poetry
*Man Chaley Ka Soda
*Mehxxxxsaraey
*Nangey Paoon
*Safar Dar Safar
*Safar e Maina
*Shahla Kot
*Subhaey Ifsaney
*Talism Hosh Afza
*Tota Kahani
*Uchay Buraj Lahore Dey
*Waday e Jang
*Zaviya
*Zaviya - 2
*Zaviya - 3
*Arz-e-musannif

Obaidullah Baig

Obaidullah Baig is an eminent scholar, Urdu writer/novelist, Columnist and media expert from Pakistan. He belongs to the richest educational city of Thatta in Sindh. He teamed up with Iftikhar Arif in 1970s & then with Ghazi Salahuddin in 1990s and won renown for the famous Pakistan Television Corporation (PTV) quiz show Kasouti.

With His Daughter Fatima Baig.

Nowadays, he is running a Kasauti type program from a private Pakistani TV Channel with the name of "Kasauti, master Mind". The program is conducted by the original host of Kasauti, Quraish Pur". His wife, Salma Baig was also a renowned face on PTV for hosting programs in past and for her participation in educational sector.

Baig is blessed with three daughters. The eldest Fatima is a newscaster on a private Television.

Nazeer Ahmad Dehelvi

Deputy Nazeer Ahmed Dehlvi (1836 - 1912).

'Diptee' (Deputy) Nazeer Ahmad was a leading urdu writer who was also a social and religious reformer, and a prominent scholar. He was a pioneer of Urdu literature whose novels are today a basic part of the educational curriculum in the Indian sub-continent (ie., India and Pakistan).

Nazir Ahmed (1830�1912) came from a distinguished family of religious scholars, maulavis and muftis of Bijnor (Uttar Pradesh) and Delhi.

His father was a teacher in a small town near Bijnore, who taught the boy Persian and Arabic, and in 1842 took him to study with Maulvi Abd ul-Khaliq at the Aurangabadi Mosque in Delhi. In 1846, the boy had the opportunity to enroll at Delhi College, he chose its Urdu section, he later said, because his father had told him 'he would rather see me die than learn English' and studied there till 1853. During this period he also discreetly arranged his own marriage, to Maulvi Abd ul-Khaliq's granddaughter.

He began his career as a teacher in Arabic, in 1854 he joined the British colonial administration, in(1856) he became a deputy inspector of schools in the Department of Public Instruction in Kanpur. And at the end of 1857 he was appointed to a similar deputy inspectorship in Allahabad. Later, for his superb translation of the Indian Penal Code in Urdu, he was nominated for the Revenue Services. He was posted as deputy collector in what was then called the North-West Provinces (i.e. modern U.P.), and hence the name 'Diptee (Deputy) Nazir Ahmad� by which he is popularly known.

In 1877 Nazir Ahmad was offered a well-paid administraive position in the princely state of Hyderabad. He remained there until 1884, when court politics forced him to resign and return to Delhi, where he lived for the rest of his life. He died of a stroke in 1912.

Nazir Ahmad studied at the Delhi College from1846 till 1853.

He was the pioneer of Urdu novel. He was prolific writer and published books in varied genres.

Mirat-al-Urus (The Bride's Mirror)-1868�1869-is regarded as the first novel of Urdu. After its release in 1869, within twenty years it was reprinted in editions totalling over 100,000 copies; and was also translated into Bengali, Braj, Kashmiri, Punjabi, and Gujarati.It has never been out of print in Urdu from that day of its first publication. In 1903 an English translation was published in London by G. E. Ward.

Bina-tul-Nash- (The Daughters of the Bier, a name for the constellation Ursa Major),is another great Novel by Deputy Nazeer Ahmed. It was his 2nd novel after Mirat-tul-uroos. Like Mira-tul-Uroos, this novel is also on education of women and their character building.

Taubat-un-Nasuh (Repentance of Nasuh)1873-1874- Deputy Nazeer Ahmed earned a good name in writing novels for developing moral values and guidance of young generation. His entire work is full of teachings of moral values.

Fasaana-e-Mubtalaa(1885)- another novel for developing moral values and guidance of young generation.


Ibn'ul Waqt- 1888According to one opinion novel was based on Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, but Deputy Nazeer Ahmad strongly rejected this allegation.

Ayyamah (1891)
Ruya-e Sadiqah (1892).

Deputy Nazir was a leading proponent of the education of Muslim women and he took the issue with great determination and persistence against the Muslim mindset of his era, which was generally against the education of women. Deputy Nazir was among the few who were aware of the problems and sufferings of Indian Muslims during those critical decades when the Muslim society was in a flux. He fully understood the demands of time in context of Indian Muslims. Through his novels he sought to eradicate social evils inherent in a decadent society, particularly those caused by ignorance, illiteracy and frustration. This was very effectively brought about by his novels and writings.

Fatima Surayya Bajia

Fatima Surayya Bajia, Pride of Performance, is a renowned Urdu novelist, playwright and drama writer of Pakistan. She has been awarded various awards at home and abroad including Japan's highest civil award in recognition of her works. She also remained Advisor to the Chief Minister of Sindh province of Pakistan.

Born in Hyderabad, India, she has never attended a formal school, all her education took place at home, but instead she is ranked an eminent intellectual, reader and writer.

� �In this time of unrest and ugliness, of distrust and mayhem, I want to point out the good in society.�
- Fatima Surayya Bajia, Dawn �

She is a well-known personality in Pakistan with relation to the radio, television and stage and an ardent feminist. She wrote her first long play Mehman.

She contributed for the literary programmes like Auraaq, and beauty care programmes under the title Aaraish-e-Khaam-e-Kakal and she also produced some children programmes.

She produced great for Women programmes, especially she is founder of Khwateen key Meilaad.




Plays of Fatima Surayya Bajia
Following are her various some popular drama serials:

*Shama (adopted from A.R. Khatoon's novel)
*Afshaan
*Aroosa
*Zeenat (adopted from mirza Quleech Baig's sindhi novel )
*Aana
*Aagahi
*Aabgeenay
*Babar
*Tareekh-o-Tamseel
*Ghar aik Nagar
*Faraz Aik Karz
*Phool Rahi Sarsoon
*Tasveer-e-Kainaat
*Kasavri

She is the elder sister of Anwar Maqsood, Zohra Nigah and Zubaida Tariq (cooking expert).

Hameed Shahid

Mohammad Hameed Shahid is a prominent Urdu fiction writer and literary critic of Pakistan. He was born on March 23, 1957 in Pindi Gheb, in Punjab province, Pakistan. After his initial education from his native town, he proceeded to University of Agriculture, Faixxxxbad, where he gained an honors degree in Horticulture, Agriculture. Then he joined University of Punjab, Lahore for Law education but left it in the beginning and returned to his native town as his father was seriously ill, who later died. After the death of his father, he decided to join the ZTBL. He did a banking diploma and joined number of courses on banking also.

His first writing was published in 1973 when he was student of Metric. He completed his first book پیکر جمیل and handed over it to a publisher in 1980 when he was university student. As a student, he was editor-in-chief of University literary Magazine Kisht-e-Nau[1], which is when began writing fiction. Soon afterwards, his characxxxxstic style matured and emerged as his identity. His first collection of short stories was 'Band Ankhoon se Paray' (بند آنکھوں سے پرے). This was published in 1994 and followed by 'Jannum Jahunam' (جنم جہنم) in 1998 and 'Margzar' (مرگ زار) in 2004. These lead to consolidating his reputation as one of the important contemporary writers of Urdu short story. His novel 'Mitti Adam Khati Hae' (مٹی آدم کھاتی ہے) was published in 2007. In addition he is author of books on literary criticism, for example, 'Adbi Tanaziat' (ادبی تنازعات), 'Ashfaq Ahmad: Shakheiat o funn ' (اشفاق احمد : شخصیت و فن) , 'Urdu Afsana: Soorat-o-Mana' (اردو افسانھ : صورت و معنی) & Nasmein titled 'Lamhoon Ka Lams' (لمحوں کا لمس). He is also, translator of international literary writing in to Urdu. M. Hameed Shahid has written plays for television and column for print media. His several stories have been translated in many other languages of the world.



His Work:


===Short Stories Books===

*Band Aankhon se pery (Short Stories) 1994
*Janam Jahanam (Short Stories) 1998
*MargZaar (Short Stories) 2004


===Urdu Novel===

*Mitti Aadam Khati Hai (Novel) 2007


===Literary criticism===

*Ashfaq Ahmed: Shakhsitay o Fuun 1998
*Aadbi Tanaziat 2000
*Urdu Afsana: Surat o Mana 2006
*Fateh M. Malik: Shakhsitay o Fuun 2008


===Other books===

*Paiker-re-Jamil (Serat un Nabi PBUH) 1983
*Lamhon Ka Lams (Nasmain) 1995
*Alif Se Atkhailiyan (Tanziay) 1995


===Anthologies===

*Pakistani Aadab (Intekhab 2002) 2003
*SAARAC Mumalik: Muntakhib Takhliki Aadab 2004
*8th Oct: Tehreer k Aainay Mai 2006


===Honours===

*Syeda Zaheer Un Nisa Taalimi (Wakf) Award, 1995
*NCC Golden Jublee Award bara�ay Aadab, 1997
*Markaz Award Bara�ay Aadbi Coloum Nigari, 1998
*Mian Muhammad Bakhsh Aadbi Award, 2006
*Azmat-e-Fan Award, bara�ay Adab, 2007

Hasan Askari

Muhammad Hasan Askari (b. 1919 - d. 1978) was one of the most respected name among scholars, critics, writers and linguists of modern Urdu. He was an important voice within the modernist movement.

Askari was born on November 5, 1919 in a village in Bulandshahr District, in western Uttar Pradesh, India. He joined Allahabad University as an undergraduate in 1938 and went on to earn a Master�s degree in English literature in 1942. After completing education, he joined All India Radio, Delhi. For a brief period around 1944, he also taught English literature at Delhi College (now, Zakir Husain College).

After independence, he and his family migrated to Pakistan and finally settled in Karachi in 1950. He joined Islamia College Karachi. By 1955 Askari became increasingly engaged in the transition to and formulation of Pakistani national culture, practically abandoning his previous work that had focused on discussions of style in Urdu language and literature.

Jadidiyat is one of his premier work. He translated western literary, philosophical and metaphysical work into Urdu, especially from English, French, and Russian. He translated Lenin's State and Revolution in 1942 and Maxim Gorky's work, main ne likhna kesay sikha in 1943. He also translated Arabic mystic literature and Buddhism into Urdu.

In his later part of life, he went against the Progressive Writers� Association on account of its sole dependency on Socialism. He was the first who introduced Ren� Gu�non, Frithjof Schuon and Martin Lings to Indian and Pakistani Muslims. Preceding his death, he was working on a translation of the Holy Quran and finished a little more than one chapter before he passed on.

He died in January 18, 1978 in Karachi.


Literary work:

*Jazeeray (collection of short stories) - 1947
*Qeyamat hum rakaab na aay (collection of long stories) - 1947
*Insaan aur Aadmi (critical essays) - 1953
*Sitara ya Baadban (critical essays) - 1963
*Waqt ki Raagni (critical essays)
*Jadidiyat (philosophical and critical essays)

Intizar Hussain

Intizar Hussain, is eminent living Urdu fiction writer. He was born on December 21, 1923 in Dibai, Bulandshahr India but migrated to Pakistan in 1947. He did his masters (M.A.) in Urdu and later on in English literature. He writes short stories and novels in Urdu, and also columns for newspapers in English.

Intizar Hussain has developed a unique prose style and is known for his nostalgia for older places and phenomena. He has received many awards from Pakistan, India and the Middle East.

The Seventh Door, Leaves are some of his books translated into English.

He has translated from English to Urdu.

His few prominent writings are "Hidustan Se Aakhri Khat" , "Agay Samander hai", "Shehr-e-Afsos" & "Wo Jo Kho Gaye". His wife died in 2004. He also writes literary article in Dawn. He started his careers from newspapers and became a part of Mashriqe newspaper.

Dr. Jameel Jalibi

Muhammad Jameel Khan commonly known as Prof. Dr. Jameel Jalibi Ph.D., D.Litt, SI, HI, is a noted linguist, critic, writer, researcher, educationist and scholar of Urdu literature and linguistics from Pakistan. He assumed the office of University of Karachi Vice-Chancellor and Professor & Chairman of the Department of Urdu, University of Karachi in 1980s.

Jameel Jalibi was born on June 12, 1912 in a Yousuf-Zai family of Aligarh, UP. He got his early education in Aligarh and passed matriculation from Saharunpur. Intermediate and graduation from Meerut College. He earned MA, Ph.D and was honored with D.litt degrees He got opportunities of literateur's company viz. Prof. Karrar Hussain, Dr. Sabzwari, Syed Jalib Dehlvi and Prof. Ghayur Ahmed Ramzi. After partition of India, Jalibi migrated to Pakistan, where he continued his education and literary activities. He did LLb and PhD from Sindh University. Later he was associated with income tax department.

In 1983, he was nominated Vice-chancellor of Karachi University where he remained till 1987 when he joined Muqtadara Quami Zaban.


====Contribution to Urdu====

*Pakistani Culture
*Tanqeed aur Tajarba
*Nai Tanqeed
*Adab, Culture aur Masa'el
*Muhammad Taqi Meer.
*Maasir-e-Adab
*Quami Zaban
*Yak-Jehti Nafaz aur Masa'el
*Masnavi Kadam Rao aur Pidam Rao
*Diwan-e-Hasan Shauqi
*Farhang-e-Istalahaat
*Qadeem Urdu Lughat
*Tareeq-e-Urdu Adab


===== Awards====

*Sitara-e-Imtiaz
*Hilal-e-Imtiaz

Dr. Mohsin Mighiana

Dr. Mohsin Maghiana (Urdu: ڈاکٹر محسن مگھیانہ) (b. January 1, 1956) is a Pakistani physician, writer, columnist and humorist. He is mostly recognized by his literary and ‎humorous works.‎

He was born as Niaz Ali Ahmad Khan Mighiana (Urdu: نیاز علی احمد خان مگھیانہ) in the city of Jhang, Pakistan. During his high school education, he decided to write his own poetry and chose Mohsin (Urdu: محسن) as his takhallus or pen name. He couldn't become a poet but he went on using Mohsin as his pen name in his literary works during school and made it officially part of his name before going to college which resulted in Niaz Ali Mohsin Mighiana (Urdu: نیاز علی محسن مگھیانہ) as his full name. However, on his literary works, his name appears as Dr. Mohsin Maghiana.

He was born in a middle-class farmer family of Jhang in 1956 on the first day of the year. He was the first child of Meher Sher Muhammad to cross infancy. He writes on first page of his autobiography that he had an elder sister who died a few days after birth.

He took his medical degree from Faixxxxbad Medical College in 1981.Since then he has worked in many different medical institutes and hospitals around Punjab. He has unsuccessfully tried to pass Foreign Medical Graduate Examination in Medical Sciences in USA. He took his master's degree in surgery in 1988 after a few unsuccessful attempts.

He is currently running his private medical centre in Jhang with the name of Mighiana Medicare. Alongside his own medical centre he works as a surgeon in D.H.Q. Hospital, Jhang.

Title page of Anokha LaadlaHis first attempt to rise to mainstream Urdu literature was in 1994 when he wrote a humorous autobiography titled Anokha Laadla (Urdu: Queer Darling).‎ As he was almost unknown among literary circles of Urdu at that time, he sent parts of his book to very famous to mildly famous personalities, most of whom were Urdu and Punjabi writers except for Ghulam Ishaq Khan (former president of Pakistan), and asked them for their reviews. He admits in the preface of this book that some personalities refused to write any reviews but he never reveals how many they were. He has added all the reviews to the book which take 61 pages out of its 418 pages (almost 14%), which is quite odd even for a new writer. To date, three editions of Anokha Laadla have been published in 1994, 1997 and 2003.

He is one of very few Pakistani writers who became famous by writing an autobiography, despite not being already well-knonwn. Other prominent examples are Qudrat Ullah Shahab and Col. Muhammad Khan, however, Mighiana has not achieved that kind of fame which was earned by Shahab and Khan.

Moinuddin Aqeel

Moinuddin Aqeel (b. June 25, 1946) is an author, critic and linguist being an outstanding scholar of Urdu literature and Linguistics from Paxxstan, who served the University of Karachi as Professor and Chairman of Urdu department.

He also remained Director of the Bureau of Composition, Compilation and Translation, University of Karachi. Besides University of Karachi, Dr. Aqeel taught Urdu at the Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, Japan and University of Oriental Studies, Naples, Italy for several years. He also gave weekly extension lectures at the Daito Bunka University, Saitama, Japan on Paxxstan�s culture and history.

===Education===

D.Litt., 2003, University of Karachi.
Ph.D. on The Role of Urdu in the Freedom Movement, 1975, University of Karachi.
M.A., 1969, University of Karachi.


===Positions held===

Head Examiner, (Urdu), International Baccalaurate Organisation, Cardiff, UK (2001 to date).
Director of the Bureau of Composition, Compilation and Translation, University of Karachi (2002 to July 2003).
Director, Evening Programme, University of Karachi (July 2003 to January 2004).
Chairman, Department of Urdu, University of Karachi.


===Awards and recognition===

Best Teacher, Allama Iqbal Open University, 1989.
Ba Ba-e-Urdu Gold Medal, 1969.
Aqeel became subject of study as follows:

M.Phil., Farhat Sultana, Urdu Services of Prof. Moinuddin Aqeel, Osmania University, Deccan, India, 2003.
M.A., Shumaila Fareed, Educational and Literary Services of Dr. Moinuddin Aqeel, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Paxxstan, 1997.
M.A., Saima Rani, Standing of Dr. Moinuddin Aqeel in Urdu Research and Critique, Bahauddin Zakaria University, Multan, Paxxstan, 2003.


===Life and career===

Aqeel was born in India and after partition, came to Paxxstan. He has taught for more than 30 years at the university level and supervised many students for their M.Phil. and Ph.D. degrees. He has written 37 books, 200 research articles/reviews/preface etc and has visited nearly 40 countries where he gave extension lectures on Urdu and Paxxstan�s culture and history. His personal library contains more than 30,000 books.


===Books===

Tazxxrah Ulma-e-Sitapur, 2006, Karachi.
Resurgence of Muslim Separatism in British India: A selection of unpublished correspondence between Jinnah and Mir Ghulam Bhik Nairang, 2001, Lahore.
Paxxstani Adab; Masail aur Manazir, 1999, Lahore.
Fatah Nama-e-Tipu Sultan, 1999, Lahore.
Kalimat-e-Aabdar, 1999, Karachi.
Beyaz-e-Ranjoor, 1998, Patna, India.
Peraya-e-Urdu (4th part), 1998, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, Tokyo.
Peraya-e-Urdu (3rd part), 1998, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, Tokyo.
Jihat-e-Jehd-e-Azadi, 1998, Lahore.
Saqoot-e-Hyderabad, 1998, Karachi.
Nawadrat-e-Adab, 1997, Lahore.
Ameer Khusro: fard aur tareekh, 1997, Karachi.
Paxxstani Ghazal, 1997, Karachi.
Peraya-e-Urdu (2nd part), 1998, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, Tokyo.
Peraya-e-Urdu (1st part), 1998, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, Tokyo.
Urdu xx awwaleen niswani khud nawisht, 1996, Hyderabad, Sindh.
Paxxstan Mein Urdu Adab, 1996, Karachi.
Kalam-e-Ranjoor Faizabadi, 1996, Patna, India.
Iqbal: from finite to infinite, 1996, Karachi.
Deccan ka ehd-e-Islami, 1994, Karachi.
Madh aur Qadh-e-Deccan, 1994, Karachi.
Tehreek-e-Paxxstan ka Taleemi Pas-Manzar, 1992, Lahore.
Tehreek-e-Azadi aur Mumlikat-e-Hyderabad, 1990, Karachi.
Muntakhibat-e-Akhbar-e-Urdu, 1988, Islamabad.
Muntakhibat-e- Urdu Nama, 1988, Islamabad.
Paxxstan Mein Urdu Tehqeeq; Mozuaat aur Mayaar, 1987, Karachi.
Dr. Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi; xxtabiyat, 1987, Islamabad.
Iqbal aur Jadeed Dunya-e-Islam, 1986, Lahore.
Ikhlaqi Taleem, 1986, Jamshoro.
Deccan aur Iran, 1983, Karachi.
Aik Nadir Safarnama; Deccan, 1982, Karachi.
Paxxstan Mein Urdu Ghazal, 1982, Ranchi, India.
Kalam-e-Nairang, 1982, Karachi.
Musslamanoun xx Jidd-o-Jehd-e-Azadi, 1982, Lahore.
Isharea Kalam-e-Faiz, 1978, Delhi.
Tehreek-e-Azadi Mein Urdu Ka Hissa, 1972, Karachi.
Tehreek-e-Paxxstan Aur Maulana Maududi, 1971, Karachi.

Colonel Muhammad Khan

Colonel Muhammad Khan (born 1910, died October 23, 1999) was a Paxxstani Army veteran, humorist and writer. He also served in the army of British India and was a veteran of World War II. While serving in Paxxstan Army, he wrote his first book Bajung Aamad (Urdu: بجنگ آمد) which was a humorous autobiography‎. This book became extremely popular and became one of the most famous books in Urdu literature.

The success of his first book earned him critically acclaimed prominence among Urdu humorists and he is considered one of the most influential authors of this genre. He was the fellow of Mushtaq Ahmed Yusufi, Syed Zameer Jafferi, Shafique-ur-Rehman, Haxxm Mohammed Said.

He is mostly known as Colonel Muhammad Khan to distinguish him from other bearers of this common name, despite his efforts to be recognised by his birth name. Later editions of his books show his name as just Muhammad Khan.

He was born as Muhammad Khan in the village of Balkasar which is a part of city of Chakwal, Punjab, Paxxstan. He studied in Islamia College Civil lines and when World War II broke out, he joined the British Indian Army. He served in Iraq, Egypt and Palestine. In the Libyan Desert, he valourously fought against the Germans.

He rose to fame when he surprised the literary circles through his book Bajung Aamad. It was an autobiographical account of his life as a soldier in World War II. In 1974, he went on a tour of the UK and later published his account of the UK tour in Baxxxxmat Ravi. Later he published another book, Bazam Arayan, a collection of semi autobiographical short stories.



===Books===

*Bajung Aamad
*Baxxxxmat Ravi
*Bazam Araiyan
*Badesi Mazah
*Tasneefat-e-Kernal Muhammad Khan

Mukhtar Masood

Mukhtar Masood, is an outstanding Paxxstani writer and bureaucrat. He has been awarded Sitara-i-Imtiaz, one of the highest civil awards by Government of Paxxstan.

He was among the very few graduates of Sir Syed�s Muslim University Aligarh who completed the studies from class one to M.A. from one and the same place. His father Sheikh Attaullah was a professor of Economics and who in 1944 published in two volumes about 388 letters of Allama Iqbal. Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi was just four years ahead of him.

The topmost humourist Rasheed Ahmad Siddiqi taught at Aligarh. The brilliance and the wit both in Yusufi and Masood showed clearly how deeply the two had been influenced by the Rasheed Siddiqi charisma. The duo seems almost an extension of the Siddiqi phenomenon. In 1936 Siddiqi built a new house and from Karachi came near and dear ones including the son Ehsan Rasheed who later became Karachi University�s Vice-Chancellor.

Only three candidates - Karamat from East Paxxstan and Imtiazi and Masood from the western wing - succeeded in the civil service competitive exam held in January 1949. After getting into the superior services, he gradually rose to become a commissioner, federal secretary, chairman, Agricultural Development Bank of Paxxstan (ADBP) and secretary-general of the Regional Cooperation for Development (RCD).

With the openness of Aligarh in him, Masood became over the years a fearless and outspoken bureaucrat. When he was the ADBP chief, he oversaw the completion of a new multi-story building of the bank in Islamabad�s Aabpara sector. Such high-profile buildings are usually inaugurated by the president or the prime minister depending on who is more authoritative and assertive. Going out of his way, Masood ordered that the new building would be inaugurated neither by the President nor by the Prime Minister but by whosoever was bank�s senior most peon.

His close lieutenants at the ADBP tried to get the strange decision reversed by telling him that the prime minister in those days was very vindictive and the first thing he would do in such an event was to order his prompt dismissal. Concealed threats of dismissal, however, failed to unnerve the brave son of Aligarh and, for the first time in Islamabad�s arrogant history, the most graceful of the federal capital�s buildings was actually inaugurated by a shy, ageing, semi-literate class IV employee of the bank.

Awaz-e-Dost is a strixxng literary work in history and philosophy of the creation of paxxstan and an all encompassing book on the touchstone of humans and humane. Mukhtar Masood, brings into this text, his close observation of the years of upheavl preceding the division of india and the end of victorian rule. The books details out, not only the stages of creation, but also, a very probing insightful look into the events, forces, people, and ideas that lead to the creation of the first purely ideological state of the planet.

"Safar-e-Naseeb" A travelogue written in an exclusive manner. One of the best written books of Urdu

"Loh-e-Ayyam" Eye-witness story of Iranian revolution. When Mukhtar Masood was in Tehran as the Chairman RCD.

Muniruddin Ahmed

Muniruddin Ahmed (Urdu: منیر الدین احمد) (born 1934 in Rawalpindi) is a Paxxstani writer. He is a specialist in the history and politics of the Muslim world with emphasis on the Indian subcontinent. He studied Arabic and Political Science at the University of Panjab (Lahore) and the University of Hamburg (Germany). He was associated with Deutsches Orient-Institut, Hamburg, as research scholar and taught at the University of Hamburg.

He is regarded as one of the pioneers of Urdu Literature in Diaspora. His work encompasses five volumes of short stories and seven books of translations from German Literature into Urdu and one volume from the literature of different Paxxstani languages into German. His autobiography Dahlte Saayee has been serialized in the literary journal Savera, Lahore and was published in book form in October 2006. His correspondence with Sayyid Ahmad Sa'id Hamdani was published from Delhi in 1999. Lately another book of his correspondence with Agha Babur is due to appear in Paxxstan.

He publishes in German, English and Urdu. He writes his name as "Munir D. Ahmed" for publications in European languages.


====Articles====

*Vom Tajmahal zur Faisal-Moschee
*Islamstudien von Munir D. Ahmed
*Islamischer Fundamentalismus
*Der Islamische Staat nach Abul A´la Maududi
*Kulturrelativismus und Menschenrechte aus islamischer Sicht
*Der Islam und sein Bild der menschlichen Gesellschaft
*Der Islam und die Aufklärung
*Frauenfrage und Islam
*Frauen und der Islam: Von der „Gleichstelxxxg “ zur Gleichberechtigung
*Die Frauen in der islamischen Gesellschaft
*Frauen und der islamische Fundamentalismus
*Die Deutschen und die Muslime - Deteminanten des Zusammenlebens
*Islam in Indien
*Islam in Bangladesch
*Der Islam und der Westen - Verständigungsschwie rigkeiten
*Ahmadiyya - Geschichte und Lehre, in: Die Religionen der Menschheit. Der *Islam. III. Islamische Kultur - Zeitgenössische Strömungen - *Volksfrömmigkeit. Band 25, 3. S. 415-422.
*Koran in der Ahmadiyya-Theologie, XIX. Deutscher Orientalistentag vom 28.
September bis 4. Oktober 1975 in Freiburg im Breisgau
*Hadith in the Ahmadiyya Theology
*Das Fiqh der Ahmadiyya, Deutscher Orientalistentag in Würzburg
*Die Christologie der Ahmadiyya, XXII. Deutscher Orientalistentag vom 21.-25 März 1983 in Tübingen
*Die Soziologie der Ahmadiyya, XX. Deutscher Orientalistentag vom 3. bis 8.
Oktober 1977 in Erlangen
*Ausschluss der Ahmadiyya aus dem Islam: Eine umstrittene Entscheidung
des paxxstanischen Parlaments, in: ORIENT. Opladen. 16 (1975)1, S. 112-143
*Militär und Politik in Paxxstan
*Feste in Paxxstan
*Lösungsmodelle für den Kaschmir-Konflikt
*Das föderalistische Prinzip und Paxxstan
*Islamisierung in Paxxstan
*Paxxstan: eine islamische Atommacht?
*The Schi'is of Paxxstan
*Conflicting definitions of the Islamic State
*Technologische Rückständigkeit islamischer Länder
*Salman Rushdies "Satanische Verse"
*Muslim minority as part of the German community
*Maulavi Muhammad Fazl Khan: a forgotten Indian Muslim Scholar
*Iqbal and his political philosophy
*Muslim women in an alien society
*Traditionelle Formen der Erziehung in der islamischen Welt
*The rationale of the teachings of Islam: a critical study of "Asrar-i Shari'at"


===Literary works===

Muslim education and the scholars' social status up to the 5th century Muslim era (11th century Christian era) in the light of Ta'rikh Baghdad. Zürich 1968. (Translations have been published in Arabic and Persian).


===Urdu short stories===

*Zard sitaara (زرد ستارہ) Lahore 1988. Hamburg 1991.
*Shajar-i mamnu'a ( شجر ممنوعہ۔ افسانے ۔ نظمانے ۔ نثرانے - Lahore 1991.
*Bint haraam - بنت حرام - Delhi 1999.
*Bichri hui koonj - بچھڑی ھوءی کونج - Delhi 2001 - Lahore 2002.
*La faani ishq - لافانی عشق - Hamburg 2005.

===Translations from Paxxstani literature===

Paxxstanische Literatur. Übersetzungen aus den Sprachen Paxxstans. Herausgegeben von Munir D. Ahmed unter Mitwirkung von Annemarie Schimmel. Hamburg 1986.


===Translations from German literature===

*Ma'asar Jarman Adab. Numa'inda adab aproon ka majmu'a. - معاصر جرمن ادب ۔ نماءندہ ادب پاروں کا مجموعہ - Hamburg 1986. 2nd edition. Lahore 1994.
*Jiwan saayee . jarman sha'ir Erich Fried xx aik sau nazmaiN. جیون ساءے۔ جرمن شاعر ایریش فرید کی ایک سو نظمیں
*-Lahore 1993. 2nd edition. Lahore 2001.
* MaiN usee dhundta phira. das jarman sha'irooN xx aik sau nazmaiN. میں اسے ڈھونڈتا پھرا ؕ دس جرمن شاعروں کی ایک سو نظمیں۔ - Delhi 1999.
*Doodi darwaaze. jarman sha'ir Wolfgang Bächler xx aik sw nazmaiN. دودی دروازے۔ جرمن شاعر وولفگانگ بیشلر کی ایک سو نظمیں۔ - Delhi 1999.
*Aadami jis nee apne aap ko bhula diya. jarman kahaniyaN. ادمی جس نے اپنے اپ کو بھلا دیا۔ جرمن کھانیاں - Lahore 1995.
*Peter Bichsel . kahaaniaN - afsaane - khubaat-i bootiqa . پیٹر بخسل ۔ کھانیاں ؕ افسانے ؕ خطبات بوطیقا ۔ Lahore 1995. 2nd edition Lahore 2001.


===Correspondence===

*Hadeeth-e yaaraaN - Maktoobat . حدیث یاراں ۔ مکتوبات ۔ منیر الدین احمد ۔ سید احمد سعید ھمدانی۔
Delhi 1999.
*Agha Babur se muraxxxxt - اغا بابر سے مراسلت۔ ۔ - Lahore 2007.


=== Autobiographical===
Dhalte saayee - Zindgi naama - ڈھلتے ساءے - Lahore 2006.

Shaukat Siddiqui

Shaukat Siddiqui (March 20, 1923-December 18, 2006) was an eminent Urdu novelist and fiction writer of Paxxstan. He is known for his world renowned novel Khuda xx Basti (God's Own Land) and Jangloos.

Shaukat Siddiqui was born on March 20, 1923 in a literary family of Lucknow, India. He got his early education from his home town and earned a B.A. in 1944 and M.A. (Political Science) in 1944. After partition of India, he migrated to Paxxstan in 1950 and stayed in Lahore but soon permanently settled in Karachi. His early days in Paxxstan were full of financial trouble and political opposition, which he soon overcame. He accompanied Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in a lot of his foreign tours.

He was an active member of Paxxstan Writers' Guild and a partisan of progressive writers association. Shaukat Siddiqi worked at the news-desks of the Times of Karachi, Paxxstan Standard and the Morning News. He finally rose to be the editor of the Daily Anajam, the Weekly Al-Fatah and the Daily Musawat Karachi, before bidding goodbye to journalism in 1984.

He died on December 18, 2006 in Karachi at the age of 83, he left behind 2 sons and 3 daughters.


===Literary work===

Shaukat Siddiqui's first piece of writing was a short story, Kon xxsi ka, published in Weekly Khayyam Lahore. In 1952, his first collection of short stories, �Teesra Admi� (1952), was brought out and proved to be a great success. Subsequently, other collections of short stories Andhere Dur Andhere (1955), Raton Ka Shahar (1956) and Keemya Gar (1984), followed.

His magnum opus is Khuda xx Basti (God's Own Land) and has gone through 46editions and enjoys the distinction of having been translated into 26 international languages. It has been dramatised time and again. Its English translation by Prof David Mathews of London University was equally a success.

Other novels of Shaukat Siddiqui are Kamin Gah (1956), Janglos (1988) and Char Deewari (1990) based on his own childhood memories in a fictitious manner.



===Awards===

Adamjee Award (1960)

Abul Khair Kashfi

Syed Muhammad Abul Khair Kashfi was an author, researcher, critic, linguist and scholar of Urdu literature and linguistics from Pakistan.

He remained associated with the University of Karachi as Professor and Chairman, Department of Urdu from 1958 to 1994. He was also a Visiting Professor at the Osaka University of Foreign Studies, Japan. After retirement Kashfi devoted his time to writing, guiding research, public speaking and media appearances.

Kashfi earned M.A. and Ph.D degrees in Urdu from the University of Karachi in 1952 and 1971 respectively. The Title of the Ph.D. thesis was "The Historical and Political background of Urdu Poetry from 1707 to 1857 A.C." In between he also earned a master's degree in Teaching of English as a Second Language from Teachers' college, Columbia University, NY (1968).

===Books===

He has a vast collection of critical and literary writing to his credit which includes the following books:

*Hayat-e-Muhammadi - Quran-e-Majeed Ke Aaine Mayn (�The Life of
Muhammad in the Mirror of the Qur�an�), Dada Bhai Foundation Karachi.
*Urdu Sha�iri Ka Siyasi Aur Tarikhi Pasmanzar - 1707 to 1857 A.C (The
Political and Historical Background of Urdu Poetry) Adabi Publishers, Karachi.
*Hamare Ahed Ka Adab Aur Adeeb, Qamar Kitab Ghar, Karachi.
*Jadeed Urdu Adab Ke Do Tanqecdi Jaezay (Two Critical Studies of Modern
Urdu Literarture), Urdu Academy Sind, Karaclii.
*Hamare Adabi Aur Lisani Masail (�Our Literary and Linguistic Problems�), *Majlis -e- Matbuaat -o- Tahqiqaat -e-Urdu, Karachi.
*Yeh Log Bhi Ghazab Thay (personality sketches), Feroze Sons Lahore.
*Ghalib Ki Cheh Ghazlen (�Six Ghazals of Ghalib), Urdu Academy Sindh,
Karachi.

===Awards===

*Dawood Literary Award, (1975) Awarded for his book Urdu Sha�iri Ka Siyasi *Aur Tarikhi Pasmanzar.
*National Seerat Award, (1991) Awarded for his book Hayat-e-Muhammadi - *Quran-e-Majeed Ke Aaine Mayn by the Government of Pakistan
*Nishan-e-Azmat Award, (1991)
*Quaid-e-Azam Adbi Award, (1993)

Farman Fatehpuri

Syed Dildar Ali commonly known as Prof. Dr. Farman Fatehpuri, (b. 1926) is the eminent Urdu linguist, researcher, writer, critic and scholar of Pakistan. He is widely regarded as the supreme living authority on life and work of Ghalib - the greatest ever Urdu poet. He has the credit of penning more than 300 scholarly articles, 600 book reviews, and 400 editorials to Nigar.

Farman Fatehpuri was born Syed Dildar Ali on January 26, 1926 in the Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. His father died in 1933 while he (Farhman) was still a child. He attained his matriculation from Fatehpur, his intermediate education from Allahabad in 1948 and graduated from Agra University in 1950. Farman migrated to Pakistan in 1950 and settled in Karachi. He attained degrees in M.A., LLB, and B.T. from the University of Karachi or KU (Karachi University).In 1965 he obtained a Ph.D. He holds the honour of being first Pakistani with a D.Litt in Urdu (1974). He remained associated with KU for nearly 30 years and produced many Ph.D.'s and researchers. He was later appointed chief editor and secretary of the Urdu Dictionary Board in 1985. In the same year, he was awarded the Sitar-e-Imtiaz medal by the government of Pakistan.

From 1996, he has been serving as member of the Civil Services Board of the Sindh Government. He became the editor of the monthly publication, Nigar - the oldest Urdu literary journal, founded by Farman's mentor, Allama Niaz Fathepuri, which still publishes from Karachi.


===Literary work===

Farman Fatehpuri is a man of letter, a researcher par excellence and a prolific speaker. His work and ideas have had a strong influence on researchers investigating the poetry and prose of Ghalib and Urdu linguistics. He is the author of more than 60 titles on the Urdu poetry of Ghalib and Iqbal; including linguistics, critique, and biography. His prominent writings, excluding hundreds of literary articles, are as follows:

*Urdu Rubai
*Tadrees-e-Urdu
*Urdu ki Manzoom Dastaan
*Tehqeeq-o-Tanqeed
*Naya aur Purana Adab
*Nawab Mirza Shauq ki Masnavian
*Qamar Zamani Begum
*Zaban aur Urdu Zaban
*Urdu Imla aur Rasmulkhat
*Urdu ki Naatia Shaeeri
*Taweel-o-Tadbeer
*Iqbal sab kay leay
*Fun-e-Taarikh goi
*Urdu Shura kay Tazkaray aur Tazkara Nigari
*Mir Anees - Hayat aur Shaeeri
*Irghaman-e-Gokal Parshad
*Ghalib - Shaer-e-Imroz-o-Farda
*Darya-e-Ishq aur Behr-ul-Mohabbat ka Taqabuli Mutaalea
*Urdu Afsana aur Afsana Nigari
*Hindi-Urdu Tanazea
*Niaz Fatehpuri - Deeda Shuneeda
*Aurat aur Funoon Latifa
*Ghazaleyat-e-Ghalib - Sharah-o-Matan

Dr.Ghulam Mustafa Khan

Prof. Dr. Ghulam Mustafa Khan, Ph.D., D.Litt, SI, was a researcher, critic, linguist, author, scholar of Urdu literature & linguistics, educationist and religious & spiritual leader of Pakistan.

In 1928 he passed ninth grade from Anjuman Islamia High School, Jabalpur and went to Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh for the rest education. He received his higher education at the Aligarh Muslim University. He held LLB and M.A. in Urdu literature & Persian and in 1947 completed his Ph.D on Hassan Ghaznavi. In 1959 he was awarded D.Litt by Nagpur University, India.

He was born in the Jabalpur city of India on September 23, 1912. During his Service life he was appointed as a lecturer at the King Edward College, Amrawati and after migration to Pakistan from India he was appointed in Urdu College, Karachi. Later in his life he also performed the duties of head of the department of Urdu in Sindh University. For his academic services he was honoured with various level of awards like the Presidential award Sitara-i-Imtiaz, Naqoosh award, Iqbal award and Nishan-i-Sipas.

He has published a large number of Research Papers and still large number of books, translations, compilations, numbering about ninety three. His book on |Iqbal & Quran" was awarded as the best book ever written on this subject and was awarded gold medal by Idara e Adbiat Pakistan.

Dr Ghulam Mustafa was also a famous religious and spiritual leader. His students in number include scholar of fame like Ibn-e-Insha, Jameel Jalibi, Abul Lais Siddiqui, Aslam Farrukhi, Farman Fatehpuri, Moinuddin Aqeel, Syed Waqar Ahmed Rizvi and Abul Khair Kashfi etc.

Prof. Masroor Ahmed Zai wrote his PhD dissertation on life and services Prof. Dr. Ghulam Mustafa Khan under suprevision of Dr.Aslam Farrukhi.

At least one third of the population of Pakistan lives below the poverty line and cannot afford even basic medical treatment. Slam-ul-Momineen Trusthas taken up the task of opening a number of Free Medical Clinics in high poverty areas in the suburbs of Karachi.

In October 2006, The Salam-ul-Momineen Trust has launched its first Free Medical Clinic at Block 11, Gulshan-e-Iqbal near the slum area of Juma Goath, in the name of a great educationist, scholar and spiritual individual Dr. Ghulam Mustafa Khan Saheb.

We are providing OPD medicines along with services of qualified Gynecologist and pediatrician every day in the morning from 9:30 to 13:30 and a GP and Surgeon in the evening from 5:30 to 10 pm. Since the opening of Dr. Ghulam Mustafa Khan Free Medical Clinic in October 2006, more than Ten Thousand patients have been treated free of cost.

The Trust has also been donated land for opening of Free Medical Clinics in other areas of Karachi. The Trust is opening Free Medical Clinics in Mehmood Abad and in Quetta Town Near Suhrab Goth shortly.

Salam-ul-Momineen Trust has also launched a campaign to educate and create awareness amongst the people of Pakistan to take initiative to work for the betterment of people living below the poverty line. We would like people to join us in this noble project by donating medicines or funds or supporting us in any other way.


===Books and Poems===

He was author of more than Ninety books in Urdu and English

Syed Waqar Ahmad Rizvi

Dr. Syed Waqar Ahmed Rizvi (b. Dec 05 1936) is an author, researcher, critic, linguist and scholar of Urdu literature and linguistics from Pakistan. He remained associated with the University of Karachi as Professor of Urdu and Arabic.

Dr. Waqar earned M.A. Urdu (1961), University of Delhi, M.A. Arabic (1962) Aligarh Muslim University and Ph.D (1984) degree from the University of Karachi and became one of the few scholars of on the subcontinent who were granted a D.litt degree from the same institution in 2004.

Dr. Waqar was born in Amroha in India. He has authored ten books, 450 research articles and participated in 106 national and international conferences.


=== Books ===

1. Hindi Reader (Hindi, 1976)

2. Muslim Scientists (English, 1987)

3. Tareekh-e-Jadeed Urdu Ghazal (Urdu, History of Modern Urdu Ghazal, 1988)

4. Ma'aroozi Tanqeed (Urdu, Objective Critique, 1989)

5. Ikhlaqiaat (Urdu, Ethics, 1990)

6. Tareekh-e-Adab Hindi (Urdu, History of Hindi Literature, 1993)

7. Muhazirat-ul-Quran (Urdu, Islamic, 1999)

8. Ikhlaqiaat (English, Ethics, 2002)

9. Tareekh-e-Naqd (Urdu, Critique, 2004)

10. Urdu (prose) translation of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai's poetry

Mirza Hadi Ruswa

Mirza Muhammad Hadi Ruswa (b. 1857 - d. October 21, 1931) was a renowned Urdu poet and writer of fiction, plays, and treatises (mainly on religion, philosophy, and astronomy). He remained on the Nizam of Awadh's advisory board on language matters for years. He was well-versed in Urdu, Persian, Arabic, Hebrew, English, Latin, and Greek.

His famed Urdu novel, Umrao Jan Ada, published in 1905, is considered by many as the first Urdu novel. It is based on the life of a renowned Lucknow courtesan and poetess of the same name and later became the basis for Umrao Jan Ada (1972), a Pakistani film, and two Indian films, Umrao Jaan (1981) and Umrao Jaan (2006). The novel was also the basis of a Pakistani television serial, Umrao Jan Ada, which aired in 2003.

Accurate details of the life of Mirza Muhammad Hadi Ruswa are unavailable and there are material contradictions between the accounts given by his contemporaries. Ruswa himself mentions that his ancestors arrived in India from Persia and that his great-grandfather was an adjutant in the army of the Nawab of Awadh. The street on which the Ruswa family home was situated is known as Ajitun Ki Gali (Adjutant's Lane). He had not much to say of his grandfather and father, except that they were both keenly interested in arithmetic and astronomy.

Mirza Muhammad Hadi Ruswa was born in 1857 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. He received his early education at home. His parents passed away when he was sixteen years old and he soon became a ward of his maternal uncle, who relieved him of much of his inheritance. Haider Baksh, a renowned calligraphist of his time, then befriended Ruswa. He taught Ruswa the art of penmanship and lent money to him. However, since Haider Baksh's income came from counterfeiting revenue stamps, he was arrested and sentenced to a long term of imprisonment. Amongst the many people who aided Ruswa in his writing career was the Urdu poet, Dabeer. Ruswa studied at home and passed his matriculation. He then tackled the Munshi Fazil course and examinations and earned himself a Munshi Fazil (Honours in Urdu) degree. Thereafter, he received an Overseers diploma from Thomas Engineering School in Roorkee. For some time, he was employed in the railways, laying tracks in Balochistan. All through these years, he continued to write and study, his passions being chemistry, alchemy and astronomy. After a short term of government service, he returned to Lucknow to teach and write. He was employed as a teacher at a local mission school and then as a lecturer at Christian College, where he taught mathematics, science, philosophy and Persian. He left Lucknow for Hyderabad and worked in the Bureau of Translation at Osmania University for a year. Unfortunately, he died of typhoid fever on October 21, 1931, aged seventy-five.

Ruswa's first work was published in 1887. This was a poem recounting the romantic tale of Laila-Majnu. Sadly, it was not well-received. His versification was amateur, his wit unwitty, and his satire stale and flat. Portions of the work were condemned by critics as commonplace and vulgar. The criticism did not, however, dampen Ruswa's ardour to write poetry: he continued to compose mediocre verse till the end of his days.

The first part of his Afshai Raz was published in 1902. No sequel is traceable. Three years later came Umrao Jan Ada. It was an immediate and thunderous success, proving that the successful literary pieces are always those that can satisfy the lusty cravings of men and women through softcore vulgarity. Critics acclaimed it at once as one of the best narratives of the life and culture of Lucknow and praised Ruswa's mastery of Urdu prose. Several editions of the novel were sold. The theme, no doubt, contributed to its large sale, but it was its language that made it a steady seller for all time. Two other novels, Zat-e-Shareef and Shareef Zada, did not do as well but Akhtari Begum was again applauded by the Urdu-speaking intelligentsia. It is still considered by some to be better than Umrao Jan Ada.

Ruswa wrote a large number of treatises on religious and philosophical subjects. He had a deep and abiding interest in religion and Greek metaphysics. He was the head of the literary department at the All India Shia Conference and wrote twenty volumes on the Shia religion.

Despite the name that Ruswa made for himself in literary circles, these novels and works of philosophy and religion did not earn him much money. His sustenance came from the worst kind of penny dreadfuls which had titles like The Loves of Satan, The Bleeding Lover and The Murderous Dame. Ruswa was an excellent example of a dual literary personality - an earnest-minded Dr. Jekyll burning the midnight oil writing sublime prose, working out a system of Urdu shorthand or studying the movements of the stars - and the vulgarian Mr. Hyde, doing the rounds of the city's brothels and churning out cheap trash to bring in much needed filthy lucre.

Ruswa's eccentricities made him a legend in his lifetime. He could be so single-minded in his devotion to work as to forget the world about him. It is reported that he refused to go to the funeral of his own child because he was busy with an experiment. When something fascinated him, he could work for twenty hours at a stretch for weeks on end, bathing in ice-cold water at midnight to keep himself awake. He was vain and convinced of his genius. He had the ability for sustained work combined with a prodigious memory.

Among his other interests were astronomy, higher mathematics, hydraulics, metallurgy, and chemistry. He considered nothing beyond his keen. When the bicycle first appeared in Lucknow, he assumed that since it took other people some hours to learn to control the machine, it should not take him more than a few seconds. He rode without any assistance and fractured his collarbone. Undaunted, he walked home, set the bone himself, and proceeded with his work.

Ruswa was a man of amorous temperament. The only affair which seemed to have moved him and became the subject of a mathnawi was with a young lady of Anglo-French parentage by the name of Sophia Augustine. If Ruswa's own version of the affair was to be believed, Mlle. Augustine insisted that Ruswa become the manager of her estate. The impecunious Ruswa turned this business into good account and soon became her lover. He accompanied her on a trip to Bombay where they stayed in the same hotel. She disappeared from her room one morning, leaving a note saying that she was going to France to claim her inheritance and would return as soon as the business was settled. She never came back and the disconsolate Ruswa found comfort in successive marriages and the company of courtesans. No doubt this is the reason Umrao Jan Ada is extremely popular among people from all walks of life.

Ruswa's dress was as eccentric as his way of living. When he had the money, he stepped out like a Lucknow dilettante, wearing a thin muslin kurta, finely creased pyjamas, an embroidered cap on his head, and velvet slippers on his feet. But most of his time he spent in his ganji and lungi. In these sparse garments, he wrote or dictated, sitting cross-legged on a mat with his books littered about him on the floor. Ruswa was a tall and powerfully built man of light-brown complexion with a bushy moustache and a neatly-trimmed beard. He had a broad forehead but narrow eyes. He had a high-pitched, wheezy voice.

===Bibliography===

Umrao Jaan Ada, 2003, Publisher: Sang-e-Meel.

Qudrat Ullah Sahab

Qudrat Ullah Shahab (or Qudratullah Shahab; 1917�1986) was an eminent Urdu writer and civil servant from Pakistan.

Qudrat Ullah Shahab was a well known bureaucrat of Pakistan. He was from Jammu Kashmir and initially got into civil service by passing the Indian civil service exam some years prior to the Indo Pak partition. He served on several high offices including being Ambassador of Pakistan to Netherlands. He got well known to people after his book Shahab Nama got published, which portraits his all life and experiences.

His initial days of life beginning with childhood were full of adventures, some of which he had mentioned in his book Shahab Nama.

His personality reflected mysticism, which he got as a golden gift during his life, which he named as �Ninety� within his book SHAHAB NAMA, this mysticism reflects to Silsila-e-Awaisia.

Mumtaz Mufti and Ashfaq Ahmed both well known writers of Pakistan were very close friends of Q.U.Shahab and were deeply inspired by him.

After his death in 1986, Q.U.Shahab is resting in a grave in Islamabad Graveyard.He was a great person. every pakistani should love him.

He was born in Gilgit, in an Arain familywhere his father Abdullah Sahib was Governor during Dogra rule. Most of his schooling was in Kashmir, and there he excelled both in Urdu and English languages. Without telling anyone he wrote an essay and won the world competition by Reader's Digest, a rare achievement for any Indian Muslim in those days. Then he came to Government College Lahore for his college education.

He was selected for Indian Civil Service and later volunteered to serve in Bengal during the famine of 1943 where he served as magistrate at Nandigram. He came under heavy fire from the authorities when he distributed part of the strategic rice reserves to starving local community.

After coming to Pakistan he was first posted to Azad Kashmir at Muzaffarabad as chief secretary of the new state. From there he came to Jhang, Punjab, as Deputy Commissioner. He then served as Director of Industries of Punjab and had to mostly deal with settlement issues concerning migration. He was first appointed by Ghulam Muhammad as his personal secretary. He remained there during Iskander Mirza and Ayub Khan�s time. He later went to Netherland as ambassador and also served as Secretary Education.

Although he tried to resign couple of times during his career, it was not realized until he saw Yahya Khan�s military rule. His trouble with government circles forced him to leave Pakistan for United Nations, where he became member of UNESCO. He was denied pension from Government of Pakistan for few years. During that time in England he toured Palestine as an Iranian businessman to investigate the changes made in curriculum and education by the occupation authorities of Israel. His spying job was successful and all of his documentary evidences were accepted by UN. This mission was primarily sponsored by Arab representatives of the United Nations.

His master piece, Shahab Nama, was finished but still unpublished when he died in 1986. It made him immediately a household name in Pakistan. Its idea came when he was visiting his friend Ibn-e-Insha in England and they were talking about the philosophy of life. He then started writing chapters and read them in reading circles. Some were published in newspapers and magazines.

Abdullah Sahib: His father was a graduate of Aligarh, and Governor of Gilgit
Mother: Karima Bibi (Shahab wrote Maan Ji on his mother)
Iffat Shahab: Wife (A doctor by profession) died in England in early 70s
Saqib Shahab: Only son who is a Medical doctor

His circle of friends included writers like Ashfaq Ahmed, Bano Qudsia, Mumtaz Mufti, and Ibn-e-Insha.


===Major works===

*Shahab Nama
*Maan Ji
*Surkh Feeta
*Ya Khuda

Mazhar Kaleem

Mazhar Kaleem is a Pakistani novelist chiefly famous for his Imran Series novels, Urdu spy fiction written within Imran Series mythos created by the late Ibn-e-Safi.

He is known for writing the Imran Series and has written short stories for children as well. He is the anchorperson of a famous saraiki radio talk show from Radio Multan, "Jamhoor-de-Awaz". He is a successful lawyer who was elected as Senior Vice President of Multan Bar Council and he heads a chamber in District Courts Multan.

Mazhar Kaleem was born on 22nd July 1942 in Multan. His father Hamid Yar Khan was a retired police Inspector. He belongs to a Pathan family,"Muhammad Zai" in Multan, who settled in Multan after migrating from Afghanistan in the late 19th century. His original name is Mazhar Nawaz Khan; however he is now only known as his literary pen name, Mazhar Kaleem Khan.

He studied in Islamia high school Multan and graduated from Emerson College (Current Government College) . He was a color holder in basketball and bodybuilding from Emerson College. After graduating he taught as a master in a government high school, Daulat Gate, but he left it to pursue more studies at the University of Multan (currently Bahauddin Zakariya University) to do his M.A. in Urdu Literature and LL.B. He is a senior lawyer in Multan Bench of Lahore High Court.


===Literary Work===

Mazhar Kaleem acquired fame through writing about Ibn-e-Safi's famous character in the Imran Series in the late 1960s. After Ibn-e-Safi many writers tried to write within the Imran series but few have lasted beyond a few novels except Kaleem. He has now written over four hundred novels. He has brought many new characters to the Imran Series and introduced various new topics like mystic crimes (Misaale Dunya) and economic crimes (Kaghazee Qiyamat).

Mazhar Kaleem has also written stories for young children. He has introduced many characters like Chaloosak Maloosak, Chan Changloo, and Aangloo Baangloo & Faisal Shahzad Series beside using Umru Ayyar and Tarzan in his stories.

Chaloosak Maloosak are two brothers and their father who was a top notch scientist made a space travel vehicle which his sons secretly used one day and left for space tourism. In each story they reach a new planet with exotic creatures and challenges to their lives.

Chan Changlo is a small boy with a lot of Nuri powers to fight against Wizards and he has a friend Mangloo Monkey. Chan Changloo fights against evil powers in each story and brings relief to common people.

Aangloo & Bangloo are two brothers. Aangloo is tall, thin with a big head and Bangloo is fat, short and small head. Both are bachelors and in search of a bride. In each story they fight with wizards, gennies and other forces to get a princess. The stories are extremely humorous and very original in storyline. They are always caught in a fix in the end as the princess is one and cannot marry both and she sends them to some other world to get an even beautiful princess.


His Books:

===Imran Series===

Imran Ki Maout (Imran's Death)
Ladies Secret Service
Black Prince
Faiz Science Academy
X-2
Ankana
Danger Land
Red Point
Black Mask
Double Lock
C.Top
Super Master Group
Pakisia Club
Red Flag
Agent From Power Land
Lancer Five
Zinda Sayee (Living Shadows)
Power Land
True Man
Diamond of Death
Naqabl-e-Taskhir Mujrim (Undefeatable criminals)
Maut ka Raqs (Dance of Death)
Four Corners
Silver Girl
Karakoon
Great Fight
Red Chief
Death Circle
Golden Agent
Special Mission
Special Agent Brono
Road Side Story
Death Group
Dark Club
Shooting Power
Jawana In Action
Light House
Lasilky
Snake Killers
Agrosaan
Last Moment
Smart Mission
Fort Dam
Hanging Death
Fuog Task
Karaoun Agency
Ladies Mission
Partin
Saajan Center
Red Power
Ladies Killeres
Power Land Ki Tabahi
Pressure Lock
One Man Show
Super Agent Safdar
Easy Mission
Secret Service Mission
Silver Hands
Adventure Mission
Jasoos-e-Azam (The Greatest Spy)
Red Point
Makartwo Sandicate
Blue Film
Gunja Bhikari (Bald Beggar)
Black Prince
Agent From Power Land
Beggars Mafia
Dark Eye part 1
Dark Eye part 2
Shudarmaan part 1
Shudarmaan part 2
J S P part 1
J S P part 2
Chief Agent part 1
Chief Agent part 2
Red Army part 1
Red Army part 2
Red Army Network part 3
Red Army Network part 4
Faban Socity
Fohaag International
Shooting Power
One Man Show
C Egale part 1
C Egale part 2
Snake Killers
Grass Dam part 1
Grass Dam part 2
Zigzag Mission part 1
Zigzag Mission part 2
Black Fee part 1
Black Fee part 2
Red Zero Agency
Death Rays
Jinati Duniya
Special section
Beggars Mafia
Free Sacks
Dashing Agent part 1
Dashing Agent part 2
Black Thander
Pakishia Club
Supreme Fighter
Birth Stone
Wood King
Water Power (part 1)
Great Ball (part 2)
Great Victory (part 1)
Black Bagos (part 2)
Dogo Fighters part 1
Dogo Fighters part 2
Secret Heart
Action Group part 1
Action Group part 2
Barki
Well Done Mr. Aleem
Special Plan
Blood Rays part 1
Blood Rays part 2
Desert Commandos
Hashrat-Ul-Arz
Black agents
Kareka
Helykat
Nakabel-E-Taskeer Mujrim part 1
Maout Ka Raqus part 2
Misali Duniya
Fast action
Robin HUD
Prince Of Dhamp
Bankay Mujram
Bankay Mujram
Barki
Black fighters
Black Strip. part 1
Black Strip. Part 2
Black thunder
Blasters
Boganu
Bright Stone
Carcuz point
Cat rat game part 1
Cat rat game part 2
Cotton syed
Cross Mission Part. 1
Cross Mission Part. 2
Rock head
Rosy rascal
Royal Service
Shedag
Tarson agency
Treaty Parts 1
Treaty Parts 2
White shadow
X V file
Zero Blast
Zinda Saye
Kasham
S thori
Golden Spot. Vol. 1
Golden Spot. Vol. 2
Base camp. Part 1
Base camp. Part 2
Makruh Jurm. Part 1
Makruh jurm. Part 2
Prince Shama
Red zero agency
Zaheen Agent
Four stars. Vol. 2
Four stars. Vol. 2
Fyland Part 1
Fyland Part 2
Heli Kat
Hot Fight Part. 1
Hot Fight Part. 2 I
Imran ka aghwa
Juliana top action
Karika
Karkis point
Ladies Island Part 1
Ladies Island Part 2
Mamar
Marya sekshan
Mushkbari code
Nawashingo
Prince kachan. Part 1
Prince kachan. Part 2
Red Medusa
Death rays
Dog crime
Double mission part 1
Double Mission part 2
Black Crime part 1
Black Crime part 2
Black Face part 1
Black Face part 2
Black Fighters
Bloody Syndicate
Escape Gray
Prince Vinchal
Hi Fi# Operation Sandwich
Top Rock
Star Track
Julia Fight Group
Wonder Plan
Lady Sanderta
Black Hounds
Easy Mission
Secret Service Mission
Red Dot
Logasa Mission
Zarak
Jim Might
Big Bose
Tatar Daggers
Boganno
Super Mission
Third Force
Black Street
Blasters
Sankara
Daghing Mission
Jayalay Jasoos (Brave spies) "Best Selling"
Karvan-e-Dehshat "Best Selling"
Zero Lastri
X-2 Koan (Who is X-2)
Hollow Wall
Black Kalaar
Nawashingu
Srar Track
Topaz
Open-Close
Bloody Syndicate
Khamoash Cheikhein (Silent Cries)
Rascal's King
Lady Eagles
Maut ka Daira (Death Circle)
Basashi
Madaam (Madam) "2nd part of Basashi"
Juliana Top Action
Black Thunder
Black Thunder-II
Zero over Zero
Sajaan Centre
Face of Death


Mazhar Kaleem MA has now started his new publication known as ��Khan Brothers��.In Which he publish his new �Imran Series.He does not give any reason about this change and leaving �Yousuf Brothers�.The list of his new books are:

*Tiger In Action(part 1 & 2)
*Secret Center
*Blind Mission
*Target Imran
*Rozi Raskal Mission
*Devil Pearle Headquater
*Blue Hawks
*Sarg


===Stories for Children===
Aangloo Baangloo Series:

*Aangloo Baangloo
*Aangloo Baangloo Samundar Mein
*Aangloo Baangloo Paristan Mein
*Aangloo Baangloo kee Shadee

===Chaloosak Maloosak===

*Chaloosak Maloosak
*Chaloosak Maloosak aur Samundari Dev
*Chaloosak Maloosak aur Umru Ayyar
*Chaloosak Maloosak aur zubata Dev
*Chaloosak Maloosak Tlism-e-Hosh Ruba Mein
*Chaloosak Maloosak aur Chan Changloo

Krishan Chander

Krishan Chander (November 23, 1914�March 8, 1977) was an Urdu and Hindi afsaana nigaar, or short story writer. He wrote in the Urdu language. He was a prolific writer, penning over 20 novels, 30 collections of short stories and scores of radio plays in Urdu and later, after partition of the country, took to writing in Hindi. Krishan Chander's novels have been translated into over 16 Indian languages and some foreign languages, including English.

Krishan Chandar lived most of the time in Poonch (Kashmir) and he was proud to be a Kashmiri. His two famous novels Shakast (Defeat) and Mitti Ke Sanam are related to Kashmir's partition. He loved Kashmir and like other progressive authors of Kashmir he wanted Kashmir to be Independent from both Indi and Pakistan. His famous AFSANE (short stories) are the stories of Kashmiri villages. He used Pahari ( dialect of people living in Poonch)words while writing in Urdu. He was against the Hindu-Muslim conflicts and a great messenger of religious harmony a pride of Kashmiri society. The forcible division of Kashmir in 1948 after the creation of India and Pakistan left deep marks on his writings.

His literary masterpieces on the Bengal famine and the savagery and barbarism in 1947 are some of the finest specimens of modern Urdu literature, but at other times too he continued relentlessly to critique the abuse of power, poverty and the suffering of the wretched of the earth; but above all he never stopped protesting casteism, fanaticism, communal violence and terror. He was a humanist and a cosmopolitan (Ishtiaq Ahmed, May 19, 2007).

Krishan Chander died working at his desk in Mumbai on March 8, 1977. He had just started to write a satirical essay entitled Adab baray-e-Batakh (Literature for a duck), and wrote just one line 'Noorani ko bachpan hi sey paltoo janwaron ka shock tha. Kabootar, bandar, rang barangi chiriyaan�' (since childhood Noorani was fond of pet animals such as pigeons, monkeys, multi-coloured birds�') but before he could complete the sentence he succumbed to a massive heart attack (Ibid).